A Republican bill with 1 Democratic cosponsor · See all 6 cosponsors
Last activity — Read twice and referred to the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry.
In committee
Introduced and handed to a committee in the chamber it started in.
The committee holds it, and most bills are never heard from again. A hearing or a committee vote would be news; silence is the usual outcome, and it kills the bill without anyone voting against it.
Its path through Congress
- Introduced
- In Committee
What this bill would do
The SOIL Act of 2025 aims to increase oversight of foreign direct investment in United States agricultural land. It expands the review of certain real estate transactions by the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States, specifically targeting nonmarket economy countries or those identified as national security risks. The bill also targets real estate transactions located within 50 miles of military installations. Additionally, it prohibits certain federal assistance and subsidies for agricultural holdings owned by specific foreign entities. Finally, it updates disclosure requirements for agricultural land and mandates annual reports regarding foreign land holdings.
Yes· 3 of 8
- Scored +6
Does this make what the government does easier for the public to see?
The bill mandates annual public reports on foreign agricultural land holdings to increase transparency.
- Scored +5
Does this give the federal government more power?
The bill expands the authority of the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States to review specific real estate transactions.
- Scored +5
Does this give the government more power to monitor people inside the country?
The bill increases oversight of land transactions near military installations and by foreign entities, enhancing domestic security awareness.
The opposite
- Scored -2
Would business owners be better off under this?
Agricultural businesses may face increased regulatory scrutiny and new disclosure requirements for leases.
- Scored -2
Does this make trade with other countries easier?
Increased scrutiny on foreign direct investment may create friction in international agricultural trade and investment.
Who it would affect, and how
Potential Positive Impacts for People
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Increased Oversight of Agricultural Land: The bill mandates reviews of any acquisition or transfer of interest in agricultural land by persons from nonmarket economy countries or countries posing a national security risk (Section 2).
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Protection of Areas Near Military Installations: The bill requires reviews for real estate transactions—other than residential property—located within 50 miles of a military installation when involving specific foreign entities (Section 3).
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Restriction of Federal Subsidies: The bill prohibits federal agencies from providing assistance or subsidies to persons who wholly or partly own agricultural real estate held by specific foreign nationals or entities (Section 4).
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Improved Data and Transparency: The bill requires the Secretary to prepare and make publicly available an annual report describing foreign agricultural land holdings, including analysis of countries, counties, and industries (Section 6).
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Enhanced State Information: The Secretary is required to transmit reports on foreign land holdings to each State department of agriculture or appropriate State agency (Section 6).
Potential Negative Impacts for People
- New Reporting Requirements for Leases: The bill expands disclosure requirements to include leasing agreements that are longer than 5 years regarding agricultural land (Section 5).
Groups and Interests Ranking
Every group the model scored this bill for, from -10 to +10. Tap or hover a score for the reason it gave.
- Governance And Ideology
- Does this make what the government does easier for the public to see? — The bill mandates annual public reports on foreign agricultural land holdings to increase transparency. Does this give the federal government more power? — The bill expands the authority of the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States to review specific real estate transactions. Does this leave more decisions to the states? — The bill requires the transmission of annual reports to State departments of agriculture, providing them with more data.
- Environment Energy And Infrastructure
- Does this better protect public land such as parks and forests? — The bill enhances the government's ability to monitor and manage agricultural land holdings by foreign interests. Does this invest in rural communities? — By increasing transparency and oversight of foreign land ownership, the bill aims to protect the long-term stability of domestic agricultural resources.
- Demographic And Interest Groups
- Would farmers be better off under this? — The bill protects domestic agricultural interests by regulating foreign competition and land control. Would people in rural areas be better off under this? — The bill focuses on securing agricultural land, which is a key component of rural economies. Would business owners be better off under this? — Agricultural businesses may face increased regulatory scrutiny and new disclosure requirements for leases.
- National Security And Foreign Policy
- Does this give the government more power to monitor people inside the country? — The bill increases oversight of land transactions near military installations and by foreign entities, enhancing domestic security awareness. Does this make trade with other countries easier? — Increased scrutiny on foreign direct investment may create friction in international agricultural trade and investment.
- 5/12/2026
- 2 Cosponsors added.
- 3/13/2025
- 1 Cosponsor added.
- 3/12/2025
- Read twice and referred to the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry.
- 3 Cosponsors added.
- Introduced in Senate
Marsha BlackburnRepublican · Tennessee
Michael BennetDemocrat · Colorado
Bill CassidyRepublican · Louisiana
David McCormickRepublican · Pennsylvania
James RischRepublican · Idaho
Thomas TillisRepublican · North Carolina